determined in the Marches by the verdict of their peers: for a
tenement of England, according to the law of England; for a tenement
of Wales, according to the law of Wales; for tenement of the
Marches, according to the law of the Marches. The Welsh shall do the
same to us and to our subjects.

  (57) Also concerning those things of which any Welshman hath been
disseised or dispossessed without the legal verdict of his peers, by
King Henry our father, or King Richard our brother, which we have in
our hand, or others hold with our warrant, we shall have respite,
until the common term of the Crusaders, excepting for those concerning
which a plea had been moved, or an inquisition made, by our precept,
before our taking the cross. But as soon as we shall return from our
expedition, or if, by chance, we should not go upon our expedition, we
shall immediately do complete justice therein, according to the laws
of Wales, and the parts aforesaid.

  (58) We will immediately deliver up the son of Llewelin, and all the
hostages of Wales, and release them from their engagements which
were made with us, for the security of the peace.

  (59) We shall do to Alexander King of Scotland, concerning the
restoration of his sisters and hostages, and his liberties and rights,
according to the form in which we act to our other Barons of
England, unless it ought to be otherwise by the charters which we have
from his father William, the late King of Scotland; and this shall
be by the verdict of his peers in our court.

  (60) Also all these customs and liberties aforesaid, which we have
granted to be held in our kingdom, for so much of it as belongs to us,
all our subjects, as well clergy as laity, shall observe towards their
tenants as far as concerns them.

  (61) But since we have granted all these things aforesaid, for
GOD, and for the amendment of our kingdom, and for the better
extinguishing the discord which has arisen between us and our
Barons, we being desirous that these things should possess entire
and unshaken stability for ever, give and grant to them the security
underwritten; namely, that the Barons may elect twenty-five Barons
of the kingdom, whom they please, who shall with their whole power,
observe, keep, and cause to be observed, the peace and liberties which
we have granted to them, and have confirmed by this our present
charter, in this manner:  that is to say, if we, or our Justiciary, or
our bailiffs, or any of our officers, shall have injured any one in
any thing, or shall have violated any article of the peace or
security, and the injury shall have been shown to four of the
aforesaid twenty-five Barons, the said four Barons shall come to us,
or to our Justiciary if we be out of the kingdom, and making known
to us the excess committed, petition that we cause that excess to be
redressed without delay.  And if we shall not have redressed the
excess, or, if we have been out of the kingdom, our Justiciary shall
not have redressed it within the term of forty days, computing from
the time when it shall have been made known to us, or to our
Justiciary if we have been out of the kingdom, the aforesaid four
Barons, shall lay that cause before the residue of the twenty-five
Barons; and they, the twenty-five Barons, with the community of the
whole land, shall distress and harass us by all the ways in which they
are able; that is to say, by the taking of our castles, lands, and
possessions, and by any other means in their power, until the excess
shall have been redressed, according to their verdict; saving harmless
our person, and the persons of our Queen and children; and when it
hath been redressed, they shall behave to us as they have done before.
  And whoever of our land pleaseth, may swear, that he will obey the
commands of the aforesaid twenty-five Barons, in accomplishing all the
things aforesaid, and that with them he will harass us to the utmost
of his power: and we publicly and freely give leave to every one to
swear who is willing to swear; and we will never forbid any to
swear. But all those of our land, who, of themselves, and of their own
accord, are unwilling to swear to the twenty-five Barons, to
distress and harass us together with them, we will compel them by
our command, to swear as aforesaid.
  And if any one of the twenty-five Barons shall die, or remove out of
the land, or in any other way shall be prevented from executing the
things above said, they who remain of the twenty-five Barons shall
elect another in his place, according to their own pleasure, who shall
be sworn in the same manner as the rest.
  In all those things which are appointed to be done by these
twenty-five Barons, if it happen that all the twenty-five have been
present, and have differed in their opinions about any thing, or if
some of them who had been summoned, would not, or could not be
present, that which the greater part of those who were present shall
have provided and decreed, shall be held as firm and as valid, as if
all the twenty-five had agreed in it: and the aforesaid twenty-five
shall swear, that they will faithfully observe, and, with all their
power, cause to be observed, all the things mentioned above.
  And we will obtain nothing from any one, by ourselves, nor by
another, by which any of these concessions and liberties may be
revoked or diminished. And if any such thing shall have been obtained,
let it be void and null: and we will never use it, neither by
ourselves nor by another.

  (62) And we have fully remitted and pardoned to all men, all the
ill-will, rancor, and resentments, which have arisen between us and
our subjects, both clergy and laity, from the commencement of the
discord. Moreover, we have fully remitted to all the clergy and laity,
and as far as belongs to us, have fully pardoned all transgressions
committed by occasion of the said discord, from Easter, in the
sixteenth year of our reign [i.e., 1215], until the conclusion of
the peace.
  And, moreover, we have caused to be made to them testimonial