never see him again; but at length he showed me which was my bed,
and left me to blow out the lamp.

  It was like travelling into a far country, such as I had never
expected to behold, to lie there for one night. It seemed to me that I
never had heard the town clock strike before, nor the evening sounds
of the village; for we slept with the windows open, which were
inside the grating. It was to see my native village in the light of
the Middle Ages, and our Concord was turned into a Rhine stream, and
visions of knights and castles passed before me. They were the
voices of old burghers that I heard in the streets. I was an
involuntary spectator and auditor of whatever was done and said in the
kitchen of the adjacent village inn- a wholly new and rare
experience to me. It was a closer view of my native town. I was fairly
inside of it. I never had seen its institutions before. This is one of
its peculiar institutions; for it is a shire town. I began to
comprehend what its inhabitants were about.

  In the morning, our breakfasts were put through the hole in the
door, in small oblong-square tin pans, made to fit, and holding a pint
of chocolate, with brown bread, and an iron spoon. When they called
for the vessels again, I was green enough to return what bread I had
left; but my comrade seized it, and said that I should lay that up for
lunch or dinner. Soon after he was let out to work at haying in a
neighboring field, whither he went every day, and would not be back
till noon; so he bade me good-day, saying that he doubted if he should
see me again.

  When I came out of prison- for some one interfered, and paid that
tax- I did not perceive that great changes had taken place on the
common, such as he observed who went in a youth and emerged a
tottering and gray-headed man; and yet a change had to my eyes come
over the scene- the town, and State, and country- greater than any
that mere time could effect. I saw yet more distinctly the State in
which I lived. I saw to what extent the people among whom I lived
could be trusted as good neighbors and friends; that their
friendship was for summer weather only; that they did not greatly
propose to do right; that they were a distinct race from me by their
prejudices and superstitions, as the Chinamen and Malays are; that
in their sacrifices to humanity they ran no risks, not even to their
property; that after all they were not so noble but they treated the
thief as he had treated them, and hoped, by a certain outward
observance and a few prayers, and by walking in a particular
straight though useless path from time to time, to save their souls.
This may be to judge my neighbors harshly; for I believe that many
of them are not aware that they have such an institution as the jail
in their village.

  It was formerly the custom in our village, when a poor debtor came
out of jail, for his acquaintances to salute him, looking through
their fingers, which were crossed to represent the grating of a jail
window, "How do ye do?" My neighbors did not thus salute me, but first
looked at me, and then at one another, as if I had returned from a
long journey. I was put into jail as I was going to the shoemaker's to
get a shoe which was mended. When I was let out the next morning, I
proceeded to finish my errand, and, having put on my mended shoe,
joined a huckleberry party, who were impatient to put themselves under
my conduct; and in half an hour- for the horse was soon tackled- was
in the midst of a huckleberry field, on one of our highest hills,
two miles off, and then the State was nowhere to be seen.

  This is the whole history of "My Prisons."

  I have never declined paying the highway tax, because I am as
desirous of being a good neighbor as I am of being a bad subject;
and as for supporting schools, I am doing my part to educate my
fellow-countrymen now. It is for no particular item in the tax-bill
that I refuse to pay it. I simply wish to refuse allegiance to the
State, to withdraw and stand aloof from it effectually. I do not
care to trace the course of my dollar, if I could, till it buys a
man or a musket to shoot one with- the dollar is innocent- but I am
concerned to trace the effects of my allegiance. In fact, I quietly
declare war with the State, after my fashion, though I will still make
what use and get what advantage of her I can, as is usual in such
cases.

  If others pay the tax which is demanded of me, from a sympathy
with the State, they do but what they have already done in their own
case, or rather they abet injustice to a greater extent than the State
requires. If they pay the tax from a mistaken interest in the
individual taxed, to save his property, or prevent his going to
jail, it is because they have not considered wisely how far they let
their private feelings interfere with the public good.

  This, then, is my position at present. But one cannot be too much on
his guard in such a case, lest his action be biased by obstinacy or an
undue regard for the opinions of men. Let him see that he does only
what belongs to himself and to the hour.

  I think sometimes, Why, this people mean well, they are only
ignorant; they would do better if they knew how: why give your
neighbors this pain to treat you as they are not inclined to? But I
think again, This is no reason why I should do as they do, or permit
others to suffer much greater pain of a different kind. Again, I
sometimes say to myself, When many millions of men, without heat,
without ill will, without personal feeling of any kind, demand of
you a few shillings only, without the possibility, such is their
constitution, of retracting or altering their present demand, and
without the possibility, on your side, of appeal to any other
millions, why expose yourself to this overwhelming brute force? You do