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= ROOT|Technical|Code_Examples|Perl|lib|Benchmark.pm =

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=back

=head2 Standard Exports

The following routines will be exported into your namespace
if you use the Benchmark module:

=over 10

=item timeit(COUNT, CODE)

Arguments: COUNT is the number of times to run the loop, and CODE is
the code to run.  CODE may be either a code reference or a string to
be eval'd; either way it will be run in the caller's package.

Returns: a Benchmark object.

=item timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] )

Time COUNT iterations of CODE. CODE may be a string to eval or a
code reference; either way the CODE will run in the caller's package.
Results will be printed to STDOUT as TITLE followed by the times.
TITLE defaults to "timethis COUNT" if none is provided. STYLE
determines the format of the output, as described for timestr() below.

The COUNT can be zero or negative: this means the I<minimum number of
CPU seconds> to run.  A zero signifies the default of 3 seconds.  For
example to run at least for 10 seconds:

	timethis(-10, $code)

or to run two pieces of code tests for at least 3 seconds:

	timethese(0, { test1 => '...', test2 => '...'})

CPU seconds is, in UNIX terms, the user time plus the system time of
the process itself, as opposed to the real (wallclock) time and the
time spent by the child processes.  Less than 0.1 seconds is not
accepted (-0.01 as the count, for example, will cause a fatal runtime
exception).

Note that the CPU seconds is the B<minimum> time: CPU scheduling and
other operating system factors may complicate the attempt so that a
little bit more time is spent.  The benchmark output will, however,
also tell the number of C<$code> runs/second, which should be a more
interesting number than the actually spent seconds.

Returns a Benchmark object.

=item timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] )

The CODEHASHREF is a reference to a hash containing names as keys
and either a string to eval or a code reference for each value.
For each (KEY, VALUE) pair in the CODEHASHREF, this routine will
call

	timethis(COUNT, VALUE, KEY, STYLE)

The routines are called in string comparison order of KEY.

The COUNT can be zero or negative, see timethis().

Returns a hash of Benchmark objects, keyed by name.

=item timediff ( T1, T2 )

Returns the difference between two Benchmark times as a Benchmark
object suitable for passing to timestr().

=item timestr ( TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] )

Returns a string that formats the times in the TIMEDIFF object in
the requested STYLE. TIMEDIFF is expected to be a Benchmark object
similar to that returned by timediff().

STYLE can be any of 'all', 'none', 'noc', 'nop' or 'auto'. 'all' shows
each of the 5 times available ('wallclock' time, user time, system time,
user time of children, and system time of children). 'noc' shows all
except the two children times. 'nop' shows only wallclock and the
two children times. 'auto' (the default) will act as 'all' unless
the children times are both zero, in which case it acts as 'noc'.
'none' prevents output.

FORMAT is the L<printf(3)>-style format specifier (without the
leading '%') to use to print the times. It defaults to '5.2f'.

=back

=head2 Optional Exports

The following routines will be exported into your namespace
if you specifically ask that they be imported:

=over 10

=item clearcache ( COUNT )

Clear the cached time for COUNT rounds of the null loop.

=2=

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0.00578809 wallclock secs ( 0.00 usr + 0.00 sys = 0.00 CPU)