disk sector goes bad, it may take the entire filesystem with it, but it
won't disturb other partitions. Likewise, users can't mess with stuff
that's mounted readonly. The down side is managing the partitions and
predicting how big to make them. If one gets full but another is mostly
empty, you'll have to repartition or use symlinks.
(?) Here /home is on a different partition than the partition with the
software. Will users (IDs) be created with respect to a partition /home?
(!) [Thomas] An update doesn't concern itself with changing critical
information such as that -- the only way {U,G}IDs would be affected is if
shadow or login were updated -- and even then, the config files are not
touched as a result.
(!) [Mike] User IDs (UIDs) are created in /etc/passwd according to the
existing entries in /etc/passwd. The smallest unused number is assigned,
subject to a minimum and maximum. Where /home is mounted doesn't matter.
/home doesn't have to be mounted at all if you don't use the -m option
(useradd), which creates the home directory.
(?) OK, I've been wanting to do a completely new installation on /dev/hda,
let's just try it...
A little later: it turns out that things can be quite simple after all.
YaST was so unhappy at being told not to format / that I backed up the one
non-system-directory on it and let YaST reformat it. Other than that and my
dictating partitioning, a vanilla install, basically just accepted whatever
was suggested.
(!) [Thomas] Of course it would be unhappy about that. /etc, /lib, /bin.
/sbin -- are all directories the installer will need access to. It's
highly unlikely they're as their own partition (you wouldn't need nor want
them to be so they're under "/".
(!) [Mike] I've never seen a Linux installer that sniffled and sulked if
it couldn't format something, but I guess there's always a first. Usually
they have options to let you mount a preformatted partition.
(?) What was really neat is that YaST had absolutely no trouble using a
previously available /home! True, I had to re-create the users, but that is
normal and in the process YaST notes the presence of corresponding home
directories and asks whether they are to be used.
That pretty much solves that problem, for me at least. The Germans have a
saying, roughly: trying something out is better than studying it.
But I'd still appreciate comments. Is there a gotcha somewhere? Hmmm, this
SOHO doesn't have many users. And what about all the settings in /etc?
/boot? Like would it have been possible to copy /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow
from a backup? Sounds like that particular ice might be getting a bit
thin...
(!) [Neil] Settings in /etc and /boot are best created from scratch when
doing a clean install IMO, especially when any of them are maintained by
automated tools like YaST. There's always the possibly of significant
changes between versions and just copying back your old settings can be a
bit risky, although 9 times out of 10 you won't have a problem.
All IMO. Unlike many in the gang, I don't sysadmin, so others may have
more authoritative answers. NOTE: We do not guarantee a consensus ;-)
(!) [Mike] Copying the user entries from /etc/passwd is fine, as long as
the numbers don't overlap. Just make sure nothing else is editing
/etc/passwd simultaneously, or use "vipw" to lock it while you're editing.
/etc/shadow is probably fine too, just be aware that the other
distribution may have a different file location and different syntax. If
it doesn't recognize the new password, you may have to restart...
something.
(Actually, the UIDs can overlap if you really want two usernames treated
the same. Some people use this to have a second root login with a static
shell (/bin/sash). This is useful if you hose your dynamic libraries; with
a static shell you can repair the damage. Just copy the root line, leave
the UID 0, change the username to something else, and set the password.)
____________________________________________________
(?) after installing new kernel running lilo crushes system
From Ridder, Peter, AGU
Answered By: Neil Youngman, John Karns
Hallo,
I have a Knoppix 3.3 HD installation on a Dell Latitude 610. The HD holds
the following partitions:
hda1 Primér FAT16
hda5 Logisch NTFS
hda6 Logisch Linux ext2
hda7 Logisch Linux swap
hda8 Logisch Linux ext3
hda9 Logisch NTFS
I use the NT loader placed in /dev/hda1
/dev/hda1 contains a file bootsec.lin which is a copy.
dd if=/dev/hda8 bs=512 count=1 of=/boot/bootsec.lin
cp /boot/bootsec.lin /mnt/hda1/bootsec.lin=20
=4= |