RFC 2045 Internet Message Bodies November 1996
NOTE TO IMPLEMENTORS: When checking MIME-Version values any RFC 822
comment strings that are present must be ignored. In particular, the
following four MIME-Version fields are equivalent:
MIME-Version: 1.0
MIME-Version: 1.0 (produced by MetaSend Vx.x)
MIME-Version: (produced by MetaSend Vx.x) 1.0
MIME-Version: 1.(produced by MetaSend Vx.x)0
In the absence of a MIME-Version field, a receiving mail user agent
(whether conforming to MIME requirements or not) may optionally
choose to interpret the body of the message according to local
conventions. Many such conventions are currently in use and it
should be noted that in practice non-MIME messages can contain just
about anything.
It is impossible to be certain that a non-MIME mail message is
actually plain text in the US-ASCII character set since it might well
be a message that, using some set of nonstandard local conventions
that predate MIME, includes text in another character set or non-
textual data presented in a manner that cannot be automatically
recognized (e.g., a uuencoded compressed UNIX tar file).
5. Content-Type Header Field
The purpose of the Content-Type field is to describe the data
contained in the body fully enough that the receiving user agent can
pick an appropriate agent or mechanism to present the data to the
user, or otherwise deal with the data in an appropriate manner. The
value in this field is called a media type.
HISTORICAL NOTE: The Content-Type header field was first defined in
RFC 1049. RFC 1049 used a simpler and less powerful syntax, but one
that is largely compatible with the mechanism given here.
The Content-Type header field specifies the nature of the data in the
body of an entity by giving media type and subtype identifiers, and
by providing auxiliary information that may be required for certain
media types. After the media type and subtype names, the remainder
of the header field is simply a set of parameters, specified in an
attribute=value notation. The ordering of parameters is not
significant.
RFC 2045 Internet Message Bodies November 1996
In general, the top-level media type is used to declare the general
type of data, while the subtype specifies a specific format for that
type of data. Thus, a media type of "image/xyz" is enough to tell a
user agent that the data is an image, even if the user agent has no
knowledge of the specific image format "xyz". Such information can
be used, for example, to decide whether or not to show a user the raw
data from an unrecognized subtype -- such an action might be
reasonable for unrecognized subtypes of text, but not for
unrecognized subtypes of image or audio. For this reason, registered
subtypes of text, image, audio, and video should not contain embedded
information that is really of a different type. Such compound
formats should be represented using the "multipart" or "application"
types.
Parameters are modifiers of the media subtype, and as such do not
fundamentally affect the nature of the content. The set of
meaningful parameters depends on the media type and subtype. Most
parameters are associated with a single specific subtype. However, a
given top-level media type may define parameters which are applicable
to any subtype of that type. Parameters may be required by their
defining content type or subtype or they may be optional. MIME
implementations must ignore any parameters whose names they do not
recognize.
For example, the "charset" parameter is applicable to any subtype of
"text", while the "boundary" parameter is required for any subtype of
the "multipart" media type.
There are NO globally-meaningful parameters that apply to all media
types. Truly global mechanisms are best addressed, in the MIME
model, by the definition of additional Content-* header fields.
An initial set of seven top-level media types is defined in RFC 2046.
Five of these are discrete types whose content is essentially opaque
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